Ohm's Law

Voltage proportional to current in ohmic conductors.

Concept

Ohm's Law is a foundational idea in this chapter. The defining relationship is:

$V = IR, \quad J = \sigma E$

Ohmic devices have a linear V–I graph; non-ohmic (diode, filament) do not.

Worked Application

Apply the formula to a typical problem from your textbook. Identify the knowns, plug into the equation, and check that the units work out. Always sanity-check the magnitude before accepting an answer.

Common Confusions

• Confusing the variables in the formula — re-read the symbol definitions in the chapter.
• Forgetting unit conversions (cm vs m, g vs kg).
• Ignoring sign conventions where direction matters.

Key Takeaways

• Master the formula $V = IR, \quad J = \sigma E$ and one canonical example.
• See the chapter index for full derivations, traps and exam-grade problems.