Orbit Lab

Class XI · Gravitation: inverse-square law, conic orbits & conservation laws.

Drag from anywhere on the canvas → release to launch. Drag direction and length set the velocity vector.

Show trail

Controls

GM80,000

Live readouts

r200.0 px

|v|150.0 px/s

Energy E1.085e+4

Ang. momentum L3.000e+4

Eccentricity e—

Orbit type—

Formula

Inverse-square gravity:
  F = GMm/r² , a = GM/r²

Conserved (per unit mass):
  E = ½v² − GM/r
  L = r × v   (z-component)

Conic eccentricity:
  e² = 1 + 2 E L² / (GM)²

Circular orbit:  v_c = √(GM/r)
Escape speed:   v_e = √(2GM/r)

Try this: Click far from the sun and drag perpendicular to the radius → ellipse. Use “Set circular orbit” to lock to v = √(GM/r). Drag a tiny bit → bound ellipse. Drag a lot → eccentricity > 1 ⇒ hyperbolic escape. Energy and angular momentum stay constant the whole time: the JEE conservation laws, live.

Orbit Lab

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